CAM
Netlist
In plain English
A checklist of every connection on the board — which points are supposed to be wired together — so the factory can confirm nothing is missed or accidentally joined.
The technical version
A netlist enumerates every electrical connection on a board, grouping the pads, vias, and pins that belong to each net. In CAM it is extracted from the finished copper and compared against the design reference to catch shorts and opens. Bare-board electrical test verifies the fabricated board against this netlist.